Mechanisms of gastrointestinal allergic disorders
Nurit P. Azouz and Marc E. Rothenberg
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Address correspondence to: Marc E. Rothenberg, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Allergy and Immunology, MLC 7028, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA. Phone: 513.636.7210; Email: Rothenberg@cchmc.org.
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Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Address correspondence to: Marc E. Rothenberg, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Allergy and Immunology, MLC 7028, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA. Phone: 513.636.7210; Email: Rothenberg@cchmc.org.
Find articles by
Rothenberg, M.
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First published March 11, 2019 - More info
J Clin Invest. 2019;129(4):1419–1430. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI124604.
© 2019 American Society for Clinical Investigation
Gastrointestinal (GI) allergic disease is an umbrella term used to describe a variety of adverse, food antigen–driven, immune-mediated diseases. Although these diseases vary mechanistically, common elements include a breakdown of immunologic tolerance, a biased type 2 immune response, and an impaired mucosal barrier. These pathways are influenced by diverse factors such as diet, infections, exposure to antibiotics and chemicals, GI microbiome composition, and genetic and epigenetic elements. Early childhood has emerged as a critical period when these factors have a dramatic impact on shaping the immune system and therefore triggering or protecting against the onset of GI allergic diseases. In this Review, we will discuss the latest findings on the molecular and cellular mechanisms that govern GI allergic diseases and how these findings have set the stage for emerging preventative and treatment strategies.
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